Preserving wood and the like.



B. DIAMAND.

PRESEBVING WOOD AND THE LIKE.

APPLIOATION FILED OCT. 11, 1906.

917,265,. Patented Apr. 6, 1909.

- inventor provide a process an UNITED STA PATENT oFFro ransnnviire woon ANn'rnn LIKE.

'T 0 all whom it may "concern: I

Be it known that I, BERN ARD )IAMAN D, chemist, a subject of the King ol Prussia,

residing at Idaweiche, Oberschlesien, Germany, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements-1n Preserving Wood and the .Like, of which the following is a specification.

impregnating wood with preserving substances is-carned out both *in open tanks and in-closed vessels, according as it is desired to have the said substances impregnate only the outer layers or to saturate the whole porous-mass of the wood. I saturating the whole mass of wood, although it may appear in the first instance more expensive and difiicult, conduces far more to the preserving of the same than does superficial impregnating or painting.

Obviously, 'the complete impregnation ought not to be obtained at the cost of decreasing the stability of the wood, as is the case with man ,of theusual impregnating processes. Fora instance, treating wood by means of steambefore impregnating, or cooking the same at elevated temperatures is absolutely objectionable, because such proceeding would cause deterioration of the wood fiber. If an impregnating agent cannot be incorporated with the wood unless steam is'employed or the impregnation be carried out at an elevated temperature, then other substances more adapted to that purpose, of which a great many exist, should be substituted therefor.

' The object of the an apparatus for economically impregnating woodand other porsuch ous materials, which process and apparatus are of the reatest simplicity, cheapne'ss, and efficiency or the purpose intended.

, In carrying out the process, the materials to be treated are introduced into the impregna ing tankor vessel, which is then closed and completely filled with the impregnating solution while the air-outlet is open. Thereupon the air-outlet is closed and the impregnating solution is drawn off from the vessel by means of a suction pump. By 1 proceeding a vacuum is produced in the vesse and air and (in the case of wood) sap components are extracted, whereby the material under treatment is made vfit for absorbin the'impregnating solution. By a suitable change in the position of thevalves the vessel is again filled by the same pump by Specification of Letters Patent. Application med October 11, 1906. Serial no. 338,3.94.

present invention is to Patented April 6, 1909.

means of "which it was emptied. By sub- ,ectlng toCover-pressure, according as the nated maybe obtained.

If the quantity of air escaping from the materials under treatment owing to the rarefaction of the air should be so considerable as to deteriorate the vacuum, it is adevisable to remove such air through the airoutlet valve by again filling the vesseland vacuum.

The heretofore described process may be carried out by the employment of apparatus much more simple than is necessary for carryingout the usual'combined vacuum and pressure process. Only one pump for liquids is needed and the whole apparatus including the vessel may be made transportable so that the process may be carried'out in a convenient and inexpensive way.

In order that my invention may be more clearly understood, I will now proceed to describe the same with the aid of the accompanying drawing which represents in plan schematically and by way of example an apparatus adopted for carrying into efiect my process.

A is a closed vessel of suitable form and size into which the material to he treated is introduced by any suitable means, after which the vessel is tightly closed. An aircock or other suitable air-outlet E is provided in the upper portion of the vessel A.

B is a fluid suction and force pump made of refractory material to resist the action of the fluid employed, the suction-velve being placed on the left side and the compressionvalve on the right side of the figure. The

Vessel A, and by pi es i, 7c to another vessel or tank C in which t e impregnating solution may be stored. Sto cocks a, b, c, d, e, f are provided at each on of the pipes g, h and at one end of-each of the ipes i, k, to make the necessary connections etween the vessel A,

the tank C and the pum B, remarked that the vesse A is preferably placed at a higher level than the "tank C so from the impregnating vessel back to the reservoir.

For carr ing into practice my invention I first intro uce the tlmber or the like to be treated into the vessel A, tightly close the circumstances may require it, a thorough penetration of the material to be mpregby again drawing oil the liquid to restore the pump B is connected by the pipes g, h, to the It may be as to enable the fluid to run voluntarily same, and then fill it with the impregnating solution by means of the pump B, the cocks E, a, b and 0 being opened and the cooks cl, e,

and f bein closed. After the vessel A has.

been comp etely filled with the solution, the air-cock E and the cocks a and b are closed, and the cocks d,- e and 1'' opened, and'the pump is again set in motion. In thisway, a vacuum is produced in the vessel A and oc-. cluded air and (when wood is treated) sap are extracted from the material treated. This being done, the cooks d, e and f are again closed and the cocks a and b are opened, and V the impregnating solution is again pumped from the reservoir C to the vessel A, until the desired ressure is obtained.

After having completely impregnated the material under treatment, I may merely run the spent solution into the tank C by 0 ening the air outlet E, and'the cook f, or may draw ofl the solution from the vessel A and return it to the tank C by means of the pump after having closed the cooks 'a, b and opened thecocks c, d, e, f, the air outlet E remaining closed. In the latter case, the air is again'rarefied in the impregnating vessel A and the excess of impregnating solution contained in the pores of the material treated is re ained for re-use, in which manner a so-,

ca led economizing process is established. The quantity of the solution consumed for impregnating may be regulated by varying the pressure or the vacuum employed, whereby the control of the impregnating process is considerably facilitated.

In carrying out my process I may use any impregnating solution which is adapted for preserving wood and the like porous materials, but I prefer to use a solution of metallic sulfates combined with suitable additions, for instance a solution which consists of ferrous sulfate, aluminum sulfate, sodium fluorid and sodium silico-fluorid as substantially described in my and K. H. Wolmans'U. S. A. application Ser. No. 419,597, or I may make use of a solution which I'obtain in the a following Way. I dissolve 32.5 kilograms of ferrous sulfateand 7.5 kilograms of alumi num sulfate in about 1000 liters 6f water. ;On

the other hand I treat 150 kilograms of the socalled light oil (being the second product of the fractional distillation of brown-coal) with 7.5 kilograms of caustic soda lye containing {10 per cent. of sodium hydroxid. The aqueous alkaline solution is thenseparated and added to the aforesaid solution of inorganic salts.

regnating wood andthe like, the steps whic consist o f filling a vessel with the wood and impregnating ffluid'to displace the air therein, partially ,withdrawing the fluid while preventing the admission of 'air to produce a vacuum, and then reintroducing the fluid. I 2. In the process of impregnating wood and the like, the steps which consist of filling a vessel with the wood and impre nating fluid to displace the air therein, partia ywithdrawing the fluid While preventing the admission of air to roduce a'vacuum, and then reintroducing t e fluid while permitting any 00- cluded gaseslgiven off by the wood to escape, 75

, again partia preventing the admission of air, an reintroducing the fluid. 1

3(In the process of im regnating wood and the like, the steps whic consist of filling a'vessel with the wood and impregnating fluid to'displace the air. therein, partially withdrawing the fluid while preventing the admission of air to produce a vacuum, and then reintroducing the fluid. under pressure.

4. The rocess of impre nating WOOCl and the like, W ioh consists in inga vessel with the wood and impregnating fluid to displace the air therein, partially withdrawing the fluid While preventing the admission of air to produce a vacuum, and then reintroducing the fluid While permitting any occluded gases given'off, by the wood to escape, partially withdrawing the fluid while preventing the admission of air, and then reintroducing the fluid, and maintaining the same under ressure for a time, and then forcibly with rawing the fluid.

y Withdrawing-the fluid while then 5. In the process of im regnating wood WOLDEMAR HAUPT. 

